A few weeks ago I discovered this amazing tool developed by Austin Griffith. It lets you visually understand how Ethereum works by tinkering. Ethereum still has a Proof of Work consensus algorithm as Bitcoin but many of the concepts are valid for most of the blockchains out there.
Aside from the opensource tool, Griffith has created a bunch of video tutorials to learn how Hash Functions, Transactions, or Key Pairs work.
It is a fantastic way to learn by experimenting. Here's the webpage
In this example, I have recreated a hash function taking as input the multiplication of a fixed and a random number, generating the corresponding hash, and showing the corresponding QR code.
Hoping you enjoy it as much as I did!!