Rumoh Aceh: Heritage of the Indatu (Ancestors) of the Nearly Extinct Acehnese [Bilingual]

Indonesia is a country that consists of thousands of islands ranging from Sabang (Aceh) to Merauke (Papua), inhabited by thousands of ethnic groups with 700 regional languages, and rich in a variety of customs and cultures.

All the customs and cultures of each of the different regions are still preserved to this day, such as regional dances, traditional clothing, traditional celebrations, to traditional houses.

Especially for traditional houses, not all areas where the community still maintains the architectural style of the local traditional house. If we want to see traditional houses that are still being built or maintained and preserved—traditional houses from the old relics—we can still see in some areas such as in Batak Land, Toraja Land, Yogyakarta and Central Java, Dayak in Kalimantan, East Nusa Tenggara, and in Papua.


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In Aceh, the westernmost province of Indonesia, before the 2000s, it was still very easy to find Rumoh Aceh or traditional architecture houses of the Acehnese people that were still scattered in remote villages. On average Rumoh Aceh is a heritage property of the owner's parents.

Rumoh Aceh is in the form of a house on stilts that is safe from floods. Almost all building materials are made of wood, except, the roof is made of thatch leaves. On each wall of the building, there are various kinds of reliefs or carvings that make the building Rumoh Aceh look beautiful and elegant.

However, there are also many Rumoh Aceh whose walls are plain without carvings, there are also walls made of bamboo or sago palm stem, usually, such traditional houses are owned by ordinary people or poor people. While the traditional houses with relief carved walls, only owned by the nobility and their descendants, as well as the rich people in general.

At present the existence of Rumoh Aceh is almost extinct, leaving only a few. Many of the traditional houses have been demolished by their owners and replaced with new architectural-style concrete buildings. The reason for the owner is because the building's wood is rotten or uninhabitable, apart from the reason that the old architectural style is obsolete.

Perhaps, in the next few years, the existence of Rumoh Aceh will be completely extinct, if only the government through related agencies did not pay great attention to contribute to helping care for and preserve the cultural heritage of the Indatu (ancestors) of the Acehnese people.


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Bahasa Indonesia

Indonesia adalah negara yang terdiri dari ribuan kepulauan mulai dari Sabang (Aceh) sampai Merauke (Papua), didiami oleh ribuan suku bangsa dengan 700-an bahasa daerah, serta kaya dengan beragam adat dan budaya.

Semua adat dan budaya masing-masing daerah yang berbeda-beda itu masih dilestarikan sampai dengan saat ini, seperti, tarian-tarian daerah, busana adat, perayaan-perayaan adat, hingga rumah adat.

Khusus untuk rumah adat, tidak semua daerah di mana masyarakatnya masih mempertahankan gaya arsitektur rumah adat setempat. Jika kita ingin melihat rumah-rumah adat yang masih dibangun, atau dirawat dan dilestarikan—rumah adat peninggalan lama—kita masih bisa melihat di beberapa daerah seperti di Tanah Batak, Tanah Toraja, Yogyakarta dan Jawa Tengah, Dayak di Kalimantan, Nusa Tenggara Timur, dan di Papua.


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Di Aceh, provinsi paling ujung Barat Indonesia, sebelum tahun 2000-an, kita masih begitu mudah menjumpai Rumoh Aceh atau rumah arsitektur adat orang Aceh yang masih tersebar di berbagai pelosok desa. Rata-rata Rumoh Aceh itu merupakan rumah pusaka peninggalan orang tua pemiliknya.

Rumoh Aceh berbentuk rumah panggung yang aman dari terjangan banjir. Hampir seluruh bahan bangunannya terbuat dari kayu, kecuali, atapnya dari daun rumbia. Pada setiap dinding bangunannya terdapat berbagai macam relief atau seni ukiran yang membuat bangunan Rumoh Aceh terlihat cantik dan elegan.

Namun, banyak juga Rumoh Aceh yang dindingnya polos tanpa ukiran, ada juga dindingnya yang terbuat dari bambu atau batang pelepah rumbia, biasanya rumah adat seperti itu dimiliki oleh orang-orang biasa atau masyarakat miskin. Sedangkan rumah-rumah adat dengan dinding yang berukir relief, hanya dimiliki oleh kaum bangsawan dan keturunannya, serta orang-orang kaya pada umumnya.

Sekarang ini keberadaan Rumoh Aceh nyaris punah, hanya tinggal beberapa saja. Rumah-rumah adat itu sudah banyak yang dibongkar oleh pemiliknya dan digantikan dengan bangunan beton bergaya arsitektur baru. Alasan pemiliknya karena kayu bangunannya sudah lapuk atau tidak layak huni, selain karena alasan bahwa gaya arsitektur lama itu telah usang.

Barangkali, beberapa tahun ke depan, keberadaan Rumoh Aceh akan benar-benar punah, jika saja pemerintah lewat dinas terkait tidak menaruh perhatian yang besar untuk ikut andil dalam membantu merawat dan melestarikan warisan budaya peninggalan Indatu (nenek moyang) orang Aceh tersebut.


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Thank you for visiting my blog.

Regards
@akukamaruzzaman

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@tipu curate

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@oldmans @tipu Thank you very much.

You are welcome!

Thank you for your informative post about the traditional dwellings. Sad to hear about the possible future loss of this type of architecture.

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