. The difference is likely some kind of genetic predisposition that gives one child an advantage in this terrible situation over the other.

I understand your point very well with this example, and just the cases of resilience highlight this, I would advocate a mixed response between the biological (genetic) and cultural aspects that after all I do not think they are so separate, and now with the advances in genetic studies will be more interrelated.

Education systems don't give a crap about who children are, they have predifined content and selection criteria because they aren't trying to empower the child, they are trying to fill employment slots.

Totally agree with this! It is probably one of the first problems to be overcome today by humanity.